What are the Types of Marine Paints and Coatings?

Choosing the right marine paint is essential for protecting boats and marine structures from the harsh effects of saltwater, sun and constant moisture. Using the right marine for boats helps prevent rust, rot and damage when coating wood, metal or fibreglass.  

In this guide, we’ll break down the different types of marine paint, including primers and topcoats. We’ll also help you choose the best marine paint for wood and metal so your vessels last in tough marine environments.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Marine Paint

1. Surface Type

Different types of marine surface types, such as steel, aluminium or wood, react differently to marine conditions. Choosing the right marine paint for boats depends on the material type, as certain paints adhere better to specific metals and others to wood or fibreglass.

2. Exposure Conditions

Above-water and below-water applications require different types of marine paint. Above-water surfaces need UV resistance and a glossy finish, while submerged surfaces must have excellent corrosion resistance and anti-fouling properties to minimise marine growth.

3. Application Method

The method of applying the paint is important too. Some marine paints are best applied using a spray gun, while others can be brushed or rolled.

Types of Marine Primers

Marine primers are the first layer applied to a boat or ship’s surface and they play a key role in making sure topcoats adhere well and last. They prep the surface, help protect against moisture and corrosion and even smooth out small surface flaws. Different types of marine primers include:

1. Epoxy Primers

Epoxy primers are super tough and reliable, which is what you need for vessels facing harsh marine environments. They come in two parts: a resin and a hardener, which you mix together before using. This chemical reaction creates a very strong and durable base coat that sticks well to many surfaces, including fibreglass, steel and aluminium.

2. Zinc Phosphate Primers

These primers are made for metal, especially iron and steel. Zinc phosphate is the key ingredient here; it helps stop rust and adds a layer of protection that makes the topcoat adhere better, creating a really strong base.

3. Zinc-Rich Primers

These marine primers are packed with zinc, which protects steel by corroding first so the steel doesn’t. Zinc-rich primers are ideal for marine conditions because they create a barrier against moisture and chemicals. 

4. Fibreglass Primers

These primers are specially designed for fibreglass (also called GRP – Glass Reinforced Plastic). They keep moisture and other contaminants from seeping into the fibreglass. GRP primers are thin and easy to apply to marine surfaces. They soak into the substrate and create a strong bond once cured.

The use of a marine primer is important when it comes to painting boats, decks and barges to prevent common coating failures such as peeling, blistering and delamination.

Types of Marine Topcoats

Polyurethane Paints 

Polyurethane paints are popular in marine environments because they’re tough, versatile and provide a nice finish. You’ll find them on everything from yachts to barges, especially above the waterline. Their excellent resistance to sunlight (UV rays) helps them keep your vessel’s colour and shine over time.

The coating they form is flexible but hard-wearing. It bends without cracking, which is helpful on boats as they constantly move in the water. Polyurethane paints adhere well to lots of materials, such as metal, wood, fibreglass and concrete.

Epoxy Paints

Epoxy boat paints form a rock-hard, chemically resistant coating that can stand up to harsh environments. They are perfect for bilges, engine rooms, hulls and any area exposed to chemicals and salt water. Once cured, they create a thick, waterproof barrier that protects the surface from rust, leaks and corrosion.

Marine Coatings for Specific Needs

Not every part of a ship or marine structure faces the same conditions. There’s a range of specialised types of marine paints for boats made to tackle specific challenges such as waterproofing and slip resistance.

Bitumen Paints 

Bitumen paint is a tough, tar-based coating that’s great at keeping water out. It’s made from bitumen (or coal tar) mixed with solvents and sometimes with extra additives for better durability.

The main job of bitumen paint is waterproofing. It forms a thick, flexible layer that blocks moisture and protects metal and other surfaces from rust, corrosion and decay. It also handles temperature changes well without cracking or peeling, which is ideal for marine surfaces. 

• Learn more about how to apply bitumen paint in our full guide.

Deck Paints

These are a type of marine paint that is specially made to reduce the risk of slipping on wet, sloped or high-traffic areas.

Non-slip deck paints are tough, waterproof, UV-resistant and come in low-glare finishes to reduce glare from the sun on wet surfaces. They’re designed to protect decking from wear and tear whilst still keeping their grip. They are great for decks, docks, stairs and other areas where safety is key.

What is the Best Marine Paint for Wood?

The best marine paint for wood is either a polyurethane or bitumen-based coating. They can bend with the wood without cracking while also resisting damage against chemicals, sunlight and saltwater. 

Polyurethane Marine Paint

• Flexibility: Expands and contracts with the wood, preventing cracks and peeling.

• Chemical Resistance: Guards against fuel, oils and salt water.

• UV Protection: Maintains bright colour and finish, resisting chalking and fading under long days of sun.

Bitumen‑Based Paint

• Waterproofing Power: Forms a dense, durable barrier below the waterline to keep moisture out.

• Rust and Rot Prevention: Protects wooden hulls from prolonged exposure to seawater.

• Durability: Remains flexible and damage‑resistant even when submerged.

What is the Best Marine Paint for Metal?

The best marine paint for metal is an epoxy coating, offering corrosion, chemical and moisture resistance without peeling or cracking.

Epoxy Marine Paint

• Extreme Durability: Chemically cures into a tough, waterproof barrier below and above the waterline.

• Corrosion Protection: Offers rust protection, which is great for bare metal surfaces.

• Long‑Term Defence: Bonds strongly and resists water ingress for years, even in the harshest saltwater conditions.

Marine Paints at TA Paints 

At TA Paints, our marine paint collection includes everything from zinc‑rich and epoxy primers to polyurethanes, bitumen waterproofing coats, non‑slip deck finishes and hull paints. Backed by expert advice and fast UK delivery, you’ll have everything you need on time and on budget. Contact us today to keep your boat looking great and performing even better.

• Learn more about how to paint a boat in our expert guide.